Israel (people) facts, information, pictures. LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENTTOPOGRAPHYCLIMATEFLORA AND FAUNAENVIRONMENTPOPULATIONMIGRATIONETHNIC GROUPSLANGUAGESRELIGIONSTRANSPORTATIONHISTORYGOVERNMENTPOLITICAL PARTIESLOCAL GOVERNMENTJUDICIAL SYSTEMARMED FORCESINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONECONOMYINCOMELABORAGRICULTUREANIMAL HUSBANDRYFISHINGFORESTRYMININGENERGY AND POWERINDUSTRYSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYDOMESTIC TRADEFOREIGN TRADEBALANCE OF PAYMENTSBANKING AND SECURITIESINSURANCEPUBLIC FINANCETAXATIONCUSTOMS AND DUTIESFOREIGN INVESTMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTHEALTHHOUSINGEDUCATIONLIBRARIES AND MUSEUMSMEDIAORGANIZATIONSTOURISM, TRAVEL, AND RECREATIONFAMOUS ISRAELITES AND ISRAELISDEPENDENCIESBIBLIOGRAPHYState of Israel. There are coins of 5, 1. All Jewish holidays, as well as the Jewish Sabbath (Friday/Saturday), begin just before sundown and end at nightfall 2. Muslim, Christian, and Druze holidays are observed by the respective minorities. TIME: 2 pm = noon GMT. Bomb-slinging Marxist Andreas Baader member of Germany's 'Baader-Meinhof' gang of the late 1960s and early 1970s; died in prison born on 5-6-1947. Get breaking entertainment news and the latest celebrity stories from AOL. All the latest buzz in the world of movies and TV can be found here. Theodore Philip Toynbee (25 June 1916 – 15 June 1981) was a British writer and communist. He wrote experimental novels, and distinctive verse novels, one of which. Visit the personal web site of Raymond Andrews, South African artist to view new artworks and all artworks which are currently available for purchase. Jewish Lives is a book series dedicated to illuminating the breadth and complexity of the Jewish experience. Born: Bat-Sheva Ofra Haza November 19, 1957 Hatikva, Tel Aviv, Israel: Died: 23 February 2000 (aged 42) Ramat Gan, Israel: Cause of death: AIDS-related pneumonia. Get the latest international news and events from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and more. See world news photos and videos at ABCNews. Situated in southwestern Asia along the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea, Israel claims an area of 2. Tel Aviv–Yafo, it is 1. This total includes the Golan Heights area (1,1. Syria during the Six- Day War in 1. December 1. 98. 1; the annexation (technically described as the extension of Israeli . The Labor Government in 1. Golan could be returned to Syria in a peace agreement. Other territories captured in 1. West Bank (Judea and Samaria), 5,8. Gaza Strip, 3. 62 sq km (1. All seven West Bank cities were reoccupied by Israel in 2. Jericho was returned to the Palestinians in 2. East Jerusalem, captured in 1. Israel is bordered on the n by Lebanon, on the e by Syria and Jordan, on the s by the Gulf of Aqaba (Gulf of Elat), on the sw by Egypt, and on the w by the Mediterranean Sea. Comparatively, the area occupied by Israel is slightly smaller than the state of New Jersey. The total land boundary length is 1,0. Israel's capital city, Jerusalem, is located near the center of the country (including the West Bank). The country is divided into three major longitudinal strips: the coastal plain, which follows the Mediterranean shoreline in a southward widening band; the hill region, embracing the hills of Galilee in the north, Samaria and Judea in the center, and the Negev in the south; and the Jordan Valley. Except for the Bay of Acre, the sandy coastline is not indented for its entire length. The hill region, averaging 6. Mt. Meron (1,2. 08 m/3,9. South of the Judean hills, the Negev desert, marked by cliffs and craters and covering about half the total area of Israel proper, extends down to the Gulf of Aqaba on the Red Sea. The Jordan River, forming the border between Israel (including the West Bank) and Jordan, links the only bodies of water in the country: the Sea of Galilee (Yam Kinneret) and the heavily saline Dead Sea (Yam ha- Melah), which, at 4. Although climatic conditions are varied across the country, the climate is generally temperate. The coldest month is January; the hottest, August. In winter, snow occasionally falls in the hills, where January temperatures normally fluctuate between 4–1. On the coastal plain, sea breezes temper the weather all year. In the south, at Elat, January temperatures range between 1. The rainy season lasts from October until April, with rainfall averaging 1. Upper Galilee and only 2 cm (0. Elat, although dewfall gives the south another several inches of water every year. The Bible (Deuteronomy 8: 8) describes the country as . Vegetation cover is thin except in the coastal plain, where conditions are favorable to the cultivation of citrus fruit, and in the Jordan Valley with its plantations of tropical fruit. Among surviving animals, jackals and hyenas remain fairly numerous. There are wild boars in the Lake Hula region. With the growth of vegetation and water supplies, bird life and deer have increased. As of 2. 00. 2, there were at least 1. Water pollution and adequate water supply are major environmental issues in Israel. Industrial and agricultural chemicals threaten the nation's already depleted water supply. Israel has only 1 cu km of renewable water resources with 5. Air pollution from industrial sources, oil facilities, and vehicles is another significant environmental problem. In 1. 99. 6, Israel's industrial carbon dioxide emissions totaled 5. Reforestation efforts, especially since 1. Israel has reclaimed much of the Negev for agricultural purposes by means of large irrigation projects, thereby stopping the desertification process that had been depleting the land for nearly 2,0. Principal environmental responsibility is vested in the Environmental Protection Service of the Ministry of the Interior. In 2. 00. 0, about 6. In 2. 00. 3, about 1. According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), threatened species included 1. Endangered species included the northern bald ibis, South Arabian leopard, Saudi Arabian dorcas gazelle, and three species of sea turtles. The Mediterranean monk seal, cheetah, Barbary sheep, and Persian fallow deer became extinct in the 1. The Israel painted frog and Syrian wild ass have also become extinct. The population of Israel in 2. United Nations (UN) at 7,1. In 2. 00. 5, approximately 1. There were 9. 8 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2. The projected population for the year 2. The population density was 3. The UN estimated that 9. The capital city, Jerusalem (Yerushalayim, Al- Quds), had a population of 6. Other large cities and their estimated populations are Tel Aviv- Yafo, 3,0. Haifa, 9. 48,8. 00; Rishon Le. Ziyyon, 2. 17,4. 00; Holon, 2. Be. Israel's declaration of independence publicly opened the state . The Nationality Law specifies other ways—including birth, residence, and naturalization—that Israeli citizenship may be acquired. In the years 1. 94. Israel took in 2,2. Jewish immigrants; during 1. Eastern European Jews, who were war refugees, and Jews from ancient centers of the Arab world. In the years 1. 95. French North Africa; in 1. Eastern Europe. After a lull in 1. Jews arrived. Immigration fell to an annual average of 2. The number declined further to an average of 1. As of March 1. 99. Israel since 1. 99. Most of these immigrants came from the former Soviet Union; this was the largest wave of immigration since the independence of Israel. In 1. 99. 1, 1. 4,0. Ethiopian Jews immigrated due to the Operation Solomon airlift. The proportion of Jewish immigrants from Europe and North America (as opposed to those from Asia and Africa) varied during the 1. In 1. 98. 4–8. 5, some 1. Ethiopian Jews, victims of famine, were airlifted to Israel via Sudan. In 1. 99. 2, the Jewish immigrant population was 3. Israeli Jews and 3. Israelis. A certain amount of emigration has always taken place, but the pace increased after 1. In a typical year after 1. Israelis were added to the number who had been away continuously for more than four years. From 1. 96. 7 to 1. Israel established 1. Jews were living there by 1. The number of migrants living in Israel in 2. Considerable Arab migration has also taken place, including an apparent wave of Arab immigration into Palestine between World War I and World War II. During the 1. 94. Palestinians. As of 1. Palestinian refugees living in the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon under the mandate of the Gaza- based United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA). Immigration to Israel dropped from 4. According to Israel's Central Bureau of Statistics the number of immigrants arriving in Israel continues to drop, by 5% in 2. In addition, according to Migration News, in 2. Soviet Union fell by 1. In 2. 00. 2 there were about 3. Israel with an estimated 1. After a special unit of Immigration Police was created in 2. July 2. 00. 4. In 2. In that same year there were 5. Ethiopia and Nigeria in Israel, and 6. Israelis seeking asylum in Canada. In 2. 00. 5, the net migration rate for Israel was zero migrants per 1,0. This is a significant drop from 1. About 8. 0. 1% of the total population is Jewish, with European and American- born Jews accounting for 3. Israeli- born Jews for 2. African- born Jews make up 1. Asian- born 1. 2. About 1. 9. 9% of the population is non- Jewish, mostly Arab. The traditional division of the Jews into Ashkenazim (Central and East Europeans) and Sephardim (Iberian Jews and their descendants) is still given formal recognition in the choice of two chief rabbis, one for each community. A more meaningful division, however, would be that between Occidentals and Orientals (now also called Sephardim). Oriental Jews, who are in the majority, generally believe themselves to be educationally, economically, and socially disadvantaged by comparison with the Occidentals. The minority non- Jewish population is overwhelmingly Arabic- speaking, but Israel's minorities are divided into a number of religious groups and include several small non- Arab national groups, such as Armenians and Circassians. The government of Israel has declared its intention to strive for equality between the Arab and Jewish sectors of the population. Israel's Arab citizens do not share fully in rights granted to, and levies imposed on, Jewish citizens. The rights of citizenship do not extend to Arabs in the administered territories. The living standards of Arabs in Israel compare favorably with those of Arabs in non- oil- producing Arab countries, but they are considerably below those of the Jewish majority, especially the Ashkenazim. As a consequence of repeated wars between Israel and its Arab neighbors and the development of Palestinian Arab nationalism and terrorism, tensions between Jews and Arabs are a fact of Israeli daily life, especially in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The official languages are Hebrew and Arabic, the former being dominant. Hebrew is the language of most of the Old Testament; modern Hebrew is the biblical language as modified by absorption of elements from all historical forms of Hebrew and by development.
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